By WWII, scientists had already begun looking at alternative gelling substances for routine use in bacteriology, but concluded that agar was still better as it is both firmer and easier to handle. Today, some specialized microbiology applications use the colloid carrageenan (extracted from red seaweed Chondrus crispus, or “Irish Moss”), a more transparent and less auto-fluorescent alternative to agar (agar emits its own background fluorescence when excited by light). However, for routine bacteriological use, carrageenan is more difficult to dissolve, requires higher concentrations, can degrade at high temperatures, and forms weaker gels, which may result in puncturing its surface during the plating of cells.
其中，碳化硅功率器件项目2025年仅实现净利润41.93万元，几乎处于微利状态；高端沟槽型肖特基二极管项目更连续两年亏损，2024年、2025年分别亏损403.16万元、715.24万元，持续拖累公司业绩。
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Nature, Published online: 25 February 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00580-2
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